



{"id":26806,"date":"2021-03-15T17:37:01","date_gmt":"2021-03-15T17:37:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/media.am\/?p=26806"},"modified":"2021-03-30T11:18:52","modified_gmt":"2021-03-30T11:18:52","slug":"the-44-day-war-in-the-russian-and-turkish-state-press","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/media.am\/en\/verified\/2021\/03\/15\/26806\/","title":{"rendered":"The 44-Day War In The Russian And Turkish State Press"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Media Initiatives Center (MIC) conducted <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/media.am\/en\/lab\/2021\/03\/12\/26664\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 2020 studying the three main topics on the Armenian agenda of the same year: the coronavirus, the Artsakh issue and the Lanzarote Convention.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this article, Media.am studied the information policy of the Russian and Turkish state media during the Second Artsakh War.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As in all wars, the state information of the direct participants in the conflict, Armenia and Azerbaijan, turned into propaganda, and the media was mainly subject to censorship. There was a wider field of study and opportunity in the case of two regional actors, the state media of Russia and Turkey.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The study of the information field of these countries was more important against the background of the 44-day war, as they now have a military presence in the conflict zone and control the ceasefire regime.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thus, we have observed the coverage of the Russian and Turkish state media from the beginning of the war (September 27) to its end (November 9), subjecting it to quantitative and qualitative analysis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our goals were to find out what information policy was pursued by the state media of the two countries, with what emphasis they spoke about the second Artsakh war, we also highlighted the context under which the coverage was made.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you do not have time to read: What did we find out?<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When writing about the 44-day war, RIA relied heavily on official Armenian information and the information of its correspondents working in Artsakh, which were largely pro-Armenian. Despite that, the media apparently remained neutral, also giving voice to the official messages of Azerbaijan. Coverage from the territory of Azerbaijan was small. Haber was dominated by official Baku messages and anti-Armenian content. Only 7 Armenian official messages appeared on Turkish news sites.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Both media outlets pursued information policies in line with their countries&#8217; official position on the issue. Both RIA and Haber published misinformation while covering the war. In this case, the Russian news site mostly acted as a transmitter of information, and not as a source of spreading false news. In the case of Haber, very often the source of the information was not mentioned, the news site was the first source to spread false news and manipulations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although there was a significant difference in the transmission of official messages from Armenia and Azerbaijan in both media outlets, RIA gave more voice to Armenian sources and Haber for Azerbaijani sources, but both sites covered Ilham Aliyev more than Pashinyan. Even in the case of a few references, Haber wrote about Pashinyan in a negative context, even if it covered his visit to Artsakh. RIA also did not refrain from giving a negative context when talking about Pashinyan. The RA Prime Minister was particularly accused of organizing a color revolution and worsening relations with Russia.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">RIA framed the coverage of the Artsakh war, often giving an anti-Turkish context. A number of articles have been published in which, ostensibly maintaining neutrality towards the conflicting parties, Turkey is presented as an aggressor and incapable of resolving the conflict, and Russia as the only force capable of ending the conflict. Although there was no overtly anti-Russian content in Haber, the articles highlighted the context of the inefficiency of the Minsk Group (co-chaired by Russia).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In almost all references, the Turkish media stressed that the war was provoked by the Armenian side. In any case, there was no coverage of pro-Armenian content. Instead, they talked about the involvement of Kurdish militants in the Armenian army, the unilateral violation of humanitarian rights by Armenia and the commission of a war crime.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In RIA, the war was framed by various politicians and analysts as a process controlled by Russia. The misinformation that appeared here was from both Armenian and Azerbaijani sources.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0420\u0418\u0410 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (RIA)<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are two major state news agencies operating in Russia. The media outlet we are watching is <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0420\u0418\u0410 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (RIA Novosti). The study was conducted using the Rumors monitoring tool, from which, with the help of &#8220;keywords,&#8221; we separated the publications related to Artsakh and the Artsakh conflict within 44 days.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26984 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-1_EN-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1686\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-1_EN-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-1_EN-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-1_EN-1024x674.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-1_EN-768x506.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-1_EN-1536x1011.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-1_EN-2048x1349.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thus, 911 posts related to the Armenian\/Artsakh-Azerbaijani conflict were coded for the monitoring period. 43.6% of them are official statements of the Armenian side, which include the statements of both <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201003\/karabakh-1578156413.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Armenian<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201001\/pogibshie-1578037895.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Artsakh<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> officials. In about 22% of cases, the Russian media published official <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201025\/karabakh-1581417373.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">statements<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from Azerbaijan, including <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201003\/karabakh-1578141160.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">excerpts<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from interviews with President Ilham Aliyev. Neutral publications make up 22% of the total. This includes materials in which the media outlet published the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20200929\/voyna-1577910289.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">statements<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of current or former officials or experts of a third <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201001\/karabakh-1578027251.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">country<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">9% of the materials had obviously pro-Armenian content. This list includes the publications when the journalist personally presented the situation from the Artsakh Republic. For example, they <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201012\/stepanakert-1579342559.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">warned<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that the air signals in Stepanakert were turned on, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201012\/karabakh-1579395270.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">presented<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the condition of the journalists injured as a result of the Azerbaijani shelling, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201019\/karabakh-1580094071.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and spoke<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> about the militants brought by Azerbaijan to the conflict zone. We consider these publications pro-Armenian, as materials from Azerbaijan with the same operative nature did not appear in RIA. It is true that this coverage was mostly objective realities, but the intense coverage of the devastation on one side only gives the reader a one-sided approach to the conflicting parties.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Such materials from the Azerbaijani side were rare in RIA. There were 6 publications where the journalist personally <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201011\/gyandzha-1579297588.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">covered<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the events from Azerbaijan or the territories under its influence or <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201001\/baku-1578037633.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">presented<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the situation of civilians in the hot stages of the conflict.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We have also considered 15 anti-Turkish materials, 5 of which seem to maintain neutrality towards the conflicting countries. For example, Russia&#8217;s permanent representative to the UN Vasily Nebenzya <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201001\/nebenzya-1578077650.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is quoted<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as saying that, unlike Ankara, Russia does not support any of the parties. In another case, the media outlet <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201003\/karabakh-1578153487.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">conveys<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the opinion of the leader of the Liberal Democratic Party Vladimir Zhirinovsky that only Russia can resolve the conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia, and if Turkey intervenes, it will be bad for both Armenia and Azerbaijan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We have singled out two more materials in which Nikol Pashinyan and his government <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201005\/pushkov-1578198619.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">are accused of<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> weakening relations with Russia, appeasing the West and carrying out a &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201023\/belorussiya-1581045582.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">color revolution<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.&#8221; In general, the RA Prime Minister was referred to 85 times, and the President of Azerbaijan &#8211; 111 times.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26986 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-2_EN-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1580\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-2_EN-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-2_EN-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-2_EN-1024x632.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-2_EN-768x474.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-2_EN-1536x948.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-2_EN-2048x1264.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the context of the Artsakh war, 3 anti-American materials were also considered, in which the United States <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201025\/otvetil-1581496443.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is presented<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as a party unable to resolve conflicts, and the American McDonald&#8217;s as a company <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201027\/makdonalds-1581821973.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">supporting<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Azerbaijan, as the Azerbaijani branch of the latter wrote on its official Instagram page, &#8220;Let our flag wave on all the native lands of Azerbaijan.&#8221; This post was later deleted.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26725 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/zinc-1-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"997\" height=\"655\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/zinc-1-1.jpg 997w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/zinc-1-1-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/zinc-1-1-768x505.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 997px) 100vw, 997px\" \/><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Propaganda theories in &#8220;RIA Novosti&#8221;<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>A.<\/strong> Will Russia not allow a war?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On September 29, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20200929\/voyna-1577910289.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the article<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of journalist and political commentator, Petr Akopov, was published. The author predicted that Russia would not allow a large-scale war between Armenia and Azerbaijan, giving different reasons for his claims. The article also appeared in the Armenian press on the website, irates.am.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This propaganda theory is not new: The same mentality has prevailed in Armenian society for years. We have also <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/armtimes.com\/hy\/article\/142008\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">heard<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> similar formulations from Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan. After the second Artsakh war, we can say that for years we have been dealing with a myth that was promoted in both the Armenian and Russian media.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>B\u2024 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ganja Airport didn&#8217;t vanish after all<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On October 4, RIA <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201004\/karabakh-1578171108.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">wrote<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> about the destruction of the Azerbaijani Ganja military airport, citing a Facebook post by Artsakh President&#8217;s spokesman Vahram Poghosyan. The Ministry of Defense of Azerbaijan <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.interfax.ru\/world\/729883\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">denied<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the news, and the Armenian side did not present any facts of the destruction of the military object.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the help of satellite photos in late November, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/fip.am\/14023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">it became clear<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that the news about the destruction of Ganja airport was false. It had not changed before or after the war.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26727\" src=\"http:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/zinc-1-2.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"446\"><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u2024 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Turkey&#8217;s involvement in the war<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On October 4, RIA <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201004\/karabakh-1578174682.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">quoted<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> official Baku as denying that the news of Turkey&#8217;s involvement in the hostilities pursued one goal: to involve a third party in the conflict. Thus, Azerbaijan denied the involvement of the Turkish side, including the presence of F-16 fighters.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201015\/karabakh-1579876646.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In his interviews<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Ilham Aliyev also ruled out Turkey&#8217;s direct participation in the ongoing operations in Nagorno-Karabakh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is a lot of evidence proving Turkey&#8217;s involvement. The &#8220;Stratfor&#8221; research center <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.vn\/20201010133045\/https:\/\/worldview.stratfor.com\/article\/f-16s-reveal-turkeys-drive-expand-its-role-southern-caucasus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">wrote<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> about it. High-ranking officials from <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/svr.gov.ru\/smi\/2020\/10\/o-situatsii-vokrug-nagornogo-karabakha.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Russia<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/in.reuters.com\/article\/armenia-azerbaijan-putin-macron-idINKBN26M4VE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">France<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/iran-bashar-assad-azerbaijan-ankara-armenia-40071395e81437f5e1b658449fe19eaa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Iran<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have alerted about the Syrian mercenaries recruited by Turkey and transferred to Azerbaijan. Many authoritative media outlets have also written about it, such as <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2020\/10\/01\/middleeast\/azerbaijan-armenia-syrian-rebels-intl\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CNN<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-54356334\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> BBC<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/webcache.googleusercontent.com\/search?q=cache:FnQPTH0bvN8J:https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/middle_east\/azerbaijan-armenia-turkey-nagorno-karabakh\/2020\/10\/13\/2cdca1e6-08bf-11eb-8719-0df159d14794_story.html+&amp;cd=4&amp;hl=en&amp;ct=clnk&amp;gl=am\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Washington Post<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, etc. Let&#8217;s also remember &#8220;New York Times&#8221; investigative journalist, Christian Tribert&#8217;s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/trbrtc\/status\/1313903827435892737\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">post<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, who proved the existence of two F-16 fighters at Ganja airport.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>D\u2024 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The media &#8220;killed&#8221; the Artsakh President many times<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On October 4, Hikmet Hajiyev announced during a briefing that Artsakh President Arayik Harutyunyan had been seriously injured. This news also <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201004\/karabakh-1578177618.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">appeared<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in RIA. The information was spread after Arayik Harutyunyan&#8217;s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ArayikHarutyunian\/posts\/615421605821883\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">announcement<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to leave for the front line. The news about the President&#8217;s injury, as well as his <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/infocheck.am\/am\/posts\/517\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">death<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was widely spread on Azerbaijani websites.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26729\" src=\"http:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/zinc-1-3.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"669\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The information was false, there was an official <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/infocheck.am\/am\/posts\/469\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">denial<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> about it. On November 4, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ArayikHarutyunian\/photos\/616360439061333\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">photos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> had been published, later also video messages with the participation of Arayik Harutyunyan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>E\u2024<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Didn&#8217;t Azerbaijan target civilians?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the end of October, the statement of the Ministry of Defense of Azerbaijan was <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201028\/azerbaydzhan-1581914151.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">published<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that they did not target the civilian population of Artsakh. Ilham Aliyev also <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=vUhXEJ0RLu4&amp;feature=youtu.be&amp;ab_channel=FRANCE24English\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mentioned<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> this in an interview with &#8220;France 24.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is a lot of evidence to refute the information. Since the first day of the war, Stepanakert, with a population of 55,000, and numerous settlements in Artsakh have been subjected to widespread rocket fire and bombardment. The first victims <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/armenpress.am\/arm\/news\/1028949.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">were civilians<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. By the end of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/armeniasputnik.am\/society\/20201115\/25341700\/pbn-hraparakel-e-nahatakvac-51-zincarayoxneri-anunner.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the war<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 50 Armenian civilians had been killed and 148 wounded. In early October, Azerbaijan targeted the Shushi Palace of Culture, the Stepanakert <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/armenpress.am\/eng\/news\/1030209.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">power grid building<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iz.ru\/1069330\/2020-10-04\/korrespondent-izvestii-poluchil-legkuiu-kontuziiu-pri-obstrele-v-karabakhe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">electrical<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> substations, causing power outages.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Azerbaijan has also targeted medical facilities. On October 28, airstrikes were carried out on the Stepanakert <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/armenpress.am\/eng\/news\/1033062.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">maternity hospital<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. About 673 Turkish and Israeli missiles and cluster <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/latest\/news\/2020\/10\/armenia-azerbaijan-civilians-must-be-protected-from-use-of-banned-cluster-bombs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">munitions<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/permalink.php?story_fbid=109632277585334&amp;id=102006298347932\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">were found<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the capital Stepanakert alone. Many residential buildings in the capital of Artsakh were damaged, schools and kindergartens <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Artak_Beglaryan\/status\/1316329393640345600https:\/\/twitter.com\/Artak_Beglaryan\/status\/1316329393640345600\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">were shelled<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The war crimes committed by Azerbaijan are detailed in the EVNReport <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.evnreport.com\/%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6\/azerbaijan-war-crimes-arm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">study<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">TRT Haber<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are another two Turkish state agencies. We watched <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">TRT Haber.com<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 361 articles were coded for the monitoring period.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26989 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-3_EN.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2495\" height=\"1724\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-3_EN.jpg 2495w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-3_EN-300x207.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-3_EN-1024x708.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-3_EN-768x531.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-3_EN-1536x1061.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-3_EN-2048x1415.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2495px) 100vw, 2495px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">About 44.3% of the materials were devoted to official <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/gundem\/ermenistan-azerbaycana-saldirdi-518943.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">statements<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Baku, including statements and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/dunya\/azerbaycan-cumhurbaskani-aliyev-sorun-azerbaycan-ile-ermenistan-disina-cikamaz-521719.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">interviews<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by President Ilham Aliyev. The official <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/dunya\/ermenistan-savunma-bakanligi-askeri-eylemler-tamamen-durduruldu-529688.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">statements<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Armenian side made 1.9% of the total number, which also included the statements or visits of Prime Minister Pashinyan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even in these small publications, there are biased comments. For example, there is talk about Nikol Pashinyan&#8217;s visit to Artsakh, but it is <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/dunya\/pasinyan-provokasyon-pesinde-karabagda-cephe-hattini-ziyaret-etti-521393.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">titled<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, &#8220;Pashinyan is looking for a provocation. He visited the Karabakh front line.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-26991\" src=\"http:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-4_EN-1024x632.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-4_EN-1024x632.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-4_EN-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-4_EN-768x474.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-4_EN-1536x948.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graph-4_EN-2048x1264.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There were 104 materials (28.8%) containing anti-Armenian content, 10 of which were <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/azerbaycan\/ermenistan-icin-savasan-pkkli-teroristlerin-telsiz-konusmalari-521372.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">dedicated to<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the news of the involvement of the Kurdish Workers&#8217; Party (PKK) in the Armenian Armed Forces.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We have conditionally singled out 89 examples of neutral publications (24.6%), when the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/azerbaycan\/ermenistan-icin-savasan-pkkli-teroristlerin-telsiz-konusmalari-521372.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ceasefires<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/dunya\/putin-azerbaycan-ile-ermenistan-arasinda-ateskes-basladi-529588.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">words<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the officials of third countries, bilateral or trilateral meetings and other events were covered. Conditional, because even in this case there was a dynamic to quote the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/gundem\/turkiyeden-ermenistanin-iddialarina-yalanlama-519628.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">words<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of people who expressed a non-Armenian position. In no case were statements made in favor of Armenia. Armenians and Azerbaijanis protested in different countries of the world, but only <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/dunya\/isvecte-ermenistanin-azerbaycan-topraklarina-saldirilarina-protesto-524059.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Azerbaijanis<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/dunya\/ermenistanin-sivillere-saldirilari-cenevrede-protesto-edildi-527019.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">were covered<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The articles consistently underlined the inefficiency of the Minsk Group. Despite that, one <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/dunya\/azerbaycan-ermenistan-geriliminde-sonucsuz-kalan-diplomatik-cabalar-519659.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">article<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was published, which was entirely dedicated to the history of the Minsk Group. It should be noted that most of the materials lacked a source of information.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Propaganda theories on TRT Haber<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>A.<\/strong> The party that unleashed the war was Armenia<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From the beginning of the war, TRT Haber was full of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/gundem\/ermenistan-azerbaycana-saldirdi-518943.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">materials<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, where Armenia was presented as the party that unleashed the conflict. Facts, however, speak of the opposite being true.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">? On September 21, the Ministry of Defense of Azerbaijan <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trend.az\/azerbaijan\/politics\/3302533.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">issued<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a statement about a soldier killed by an Armenian bullet. This news spread in the Azerbaijani media with unprecedented speed, while the Azerbaijani press is usually silent about losses.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">? During the war, the song and the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=nXBevE32K4g&amp;ab_channel=Pakism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">video<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> dedicated to the second Artsakh war were already ready.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">? Since September 21, civilian vehicles have <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/jam-news.net\/car-confiscation-army-needs-mobilization-azerbaijan-news\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">been recruited<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for military purposes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">? According to the BBC, an unannounced mobilization <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/russian\/news-54282373?fbclid=IwAR1XG2NNz3lLCB0LcuzD8C8yfp4aY4YDW3FZay5oNqmOTbwVdSTl9I-FbDg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">had begun<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">? On September 26, FIP.am <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/fip.am\/12864\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">recorded<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> an unusual activation of flights between Turkey, Azerbaijan and Israel.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">? Hours after the fighting, some Turkish media outlets, such as the Turkish state television channel TRT and Anadolu, were already at the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/haqqin.az\/news\/190393?fbclid=IwAR2v9ASdhUPhi2aYUEa7FXdwapa_vYW6pzY_X2123tvLRK2f0_9Y3MvgR-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">frontlines<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>B\u2024 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The mythical presence of Kurdish militants in the Armenian army<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">TRT Haber, like other Turkish and Azerbaijani media outlets, actively <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/dunya\/ermenistan-askeri-pkkli-teroristlerin-daglik-karabagda-savastigini-itiraf-etti-525481.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">wrote<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> about <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/dunya\/azerbaycan-ermenistan-karabagin-isgalinde-ve-sonraki-saldirilarda-parali-askerler-getirdi-519987.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the presence<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of foreign armed groups, particularly the Kurdish Workers&#8217; Party (PKK) in the Armenian armed forces. These conversations started back in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/oxbridgepartners.com\/hratch\/index.php\/in-the-news\/interview\/355-an-exercise-in-disinformation-linking-kurds-to-nkr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the 1990s<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. During the 44-day war and in the days that followed, this theory spread with new vigor.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First, on September 24, the Azerbaijani media began to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/azpolitika.info\/?p=604947\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">write<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that the Armenian battalion formed in the north of Syria was sent to Artsakh to take part in the battles against Azerbaijan. No evidence of what was said was presented, instead false and unsubstantiated allegations were made.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Azerbaijani media outlets published an article entitled &#8220;Syrian terrorists as part of the Armenian occupation forces.&#8221; Day.az stressed that there are officers of the Armenian Armed Forces with the Syrian terrorists. The attached photos were actually taken in Syria in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tkpml.com\/hy\/martyr-nubar-ozanyan-armenian-battalion-was-established\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2019<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, during the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/infocheck.am\/am\/posts\/464?fbclid=IwAR2YPl5s3v1uotdL5sm0A5BWQ2Jkhx_XqFy-TKiSg5Owhi66YsISNdiwcUU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">gathering<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the &#8220;Armenian Brigade after Nubar Ozanyan,&#8221; which took place on the anniversary of the Armenian Genocide.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-26735\" src=\"http:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/zinc-1-4.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"583\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Derindusunce.org <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/armenpress.am\/arm\/news\/1029473.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">posted<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a photo of Serbian actor and producer Milo\u0161 Bikovi\u0107 on his Twitter microblog with the caption&#8230;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Kosovo war veteran Aleksa Djuric, now a Russian PMC, has been spotted in Armenia.His fate is not yet certain <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/gJ88zRN2sC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/t.co\/gJ88zRN2sC<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/wZsDRwSoTS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pic.twitter.com\/wZsDRwSoTS<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 ZOKA (@200_zoka) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/200_zoka\/status\/1310507660865933312?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">September 28, 2020<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In fact, this photo was taken from the shooting site of the movie &#8220;Kosare,&#8221; which was used to involve the actor in the controversy. Bikovi\u0107 personally <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Bikovic\/status\/1310897222410698752\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">responded to<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the news.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/gunaztv2004\/56541\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">G\u00fcnaz TV<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/sepahcybery\/15583\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sepahcybery<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Telegram channels and various Azerbaijani <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.vn\/fHOHl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">media outlets<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> published a video with the participation of the military, again noting that Armenia has involved PKK terrorist militants in the fighting. As proof, the video of the volunteer detachment of the Yezidi community of Armenia was attached, where both Armenian and Yezidi flags can be seen. Moreover, the same video was also posted on the Yezidi <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/stories\/pers_tna\/2420626189298779629\/?utm_source=ig_story_item_share&amp;igshid=13hip0m4sathk&amp;fbclid=IwAR2QYiciVtlIOHiS1HhMzHlI80FHF7mpFpP8rf0eAwhlCsAjPxHK-wUrPh0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pers tna<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Instagram page. The words that were spoken in Yezidi mean &#8220;Who are we, the Yezidis?&#8221;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In another case, the Turkish service of CNN, CNN T\u00dcRK, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Z0EAH4cqChU&amp;feature=emb_title\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">prepared<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> an 8-minute material about the PKK militants &#8220;fighting&#8221; in Artsakh. During the report, the footage was published to show that PKK militants were fighting in Artsakh together with &#8220;ASALA.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26737 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/zinc-1-5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"943\" height=\"608\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/zinc-1-5.png 943w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/zinc-1-5-300x193.png 300w, https:\/\/media.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/zinc-1-5-768x495.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 943px) 100vw, 943px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In fact, the news outlet confused the flag of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/FARC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Colombian National Army<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (FARC) with the tricolor of the Republic of Armenia. The displayed photo was taken in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/OsmanJoker8\/status\/1312440027587043329\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2014<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u2024 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">International humanitarian law has been violated bilaterally<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On October 22, TRT Haber <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/dunya\/ermenistan-balistik-fuzelerle-saldirdi-525130.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">wrote<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> about the banned weapons used against the civilian population of Azerbaijan. This assertion was later confirmed by <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/download\/Documents\/EUR5535022021ENGLISH.PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Amnesty International<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2020\/12\/15\/armenia-cluster-munitions-used-multiple-attacks-azerbaijan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Human Rights Watch<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During a visit to Azerbaijan in November, Human Rights Watch researchers identified four cases of cluster munitions in three regions (Tartar, Barda, and Geremboy). As a result, at least 7 citizens were killed and about 20 people were injured.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The problem is that the media did not cover the cluster bombs used by Azerbaijan in the past, which were <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.azatutyun.am\/a\/30878245.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">reported to<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Amnesty International on October 5. During the investigation conducted in Artsakh in October 2020, Human Rights Watch also <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/hy\/news\/2020\/10\/23\/376836\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">documented<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> cases of the use of cluster munitions by Azerbaijan. According to a report published by Amnesty International on January 13, 52 civilians were killed in the war between September 27 and November 10. This once again proves that the Turkish media has a selective attitude to the facts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The UN Convention on the Use of Cluster Weapons was agreed in 2008 in Dublin. To date, more than 100 countries have joined the document, but neither Armenia nor Azerbaijan has signed a convention banning the use of cluster munitions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Summing up the study of the topical articles of the two Turkish and Russian state media, it should be noted that during the 44 days of the Second Artsakh War, TRT Haber and RIA Novosti did not provide balanced coverage. Both media outlets in one way or another supported the reproduction of the information policy of one of the parties to the conflict, and sometimes also the dissemination of misinformation. However, in the case of RIA, the position was expressed indirectly, in the case of Haber, it was done openly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><b>Ophelia Simonyan<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Media Initiatives Center (MIC) conducted research in 2020 studying the three main topics on the Armenian agenda of the same year: the coronavirus, the Artsakh issue and the Lanzarote Convention. In this article, Media.am studied the information policy of the Russian and Turkish state media during the Second Artsakh War. As in all wars,<a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/media.am\/en\/verified\/2021\/03\/15\/26806\/\"> Read the full article&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":26720,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26806","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-verified","author_posts-ophelia-simonyan-en"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/media.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26806","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/media.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/media.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/media.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/media.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26806"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/media.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26806\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26993,"href":"https:\/\/media.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26806\/revisions\/26993"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/media.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26720"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/media.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26806"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/media.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26806"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/media.am\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26806"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}